Electromagnetic reciprocating motor.



. 3., LE BLANC.

ELEGTROMAGHETIG RECIPROCATING MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 18, 1909.

1,069,709. Patented Aug. 12, 1913.

INVENTOR' ATTORNEYS.

ALEXIS LE IBLANC, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

I ELECTROMAGNETIC RECIPROCATING MOTOR.

- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 12,1913.

Application filed May 18, 1909. Serial No. 496,823.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALExIs LE BLANC, a citizen of the United States,residing in the city of New York, in the county of New York and State ofNew York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements inElectromagnetic Reciprocating Motors, of which the following is a full,clear, and eX- act description, such as will enable others skilled inthe art to which it pertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates particularly to electromagnetic motors providedwith solenoids having a core which is caused to automaticall; vibrate orreciprocate rapidly by having the circuit closing, or make and breakdevice, operated by the reciprocating core.

Many. devices of this general character have been devised in which aSingle or compound solenoid has been used, but these have provenunsatisfactory for high speed and heavy work, such as is required tooperate riveting hammers, drills, large gongs, and for similar uses.

In the long single coil solenoid, the inductance in the coil and the lagof the magnetism or magnetic hysteresis, makes it impossible tomagnetize and demagnetize the solenoid and core rapidly enough to gethigh speed vibrations, such as required in riveting hammers and similardevices. When the solenoid is progressively magnetized as in some forms,the speed of reciprocation will be even slower than with the single longsolenoid.

The object of my invention is to overcome these objections and obtainrapid vibrations of the core and powerful blows thereby as well. Iaccomplish this by combining a number of short isolated solenoids with acorresponding number of isolated core pieces and energizing all thesolenoids at once. By the term isolated is meant the segregation of themagnetic fields of the individual solenoids by air spaces and theinterposition of plates of nonmagnetic material. Furthermore, I separatethe respective core pieces by pieces of nonmagnetic metal, therebyproviding a short isolated core for each solenoid. The short lengthindividual section.

solenoids can be rapidly magnetized and demagnetized, and by combiningthe effect of a plurality of such short-length solenoids, it will bereadily understood that the power exerted by the vibrating compound corewill be multiplied and the rapidity of vibration will depend only uponthe length of time required to magnetize one of the short lengthsolenoids, and since all are magnetized at once, the resulting blowgiven by the compound plunger core will depend upon the number ofshort-length isolated solenoids used.

I have shown my improved reciprocating motor in connection with ariveting han1- mer, but it will be understood that it can be used inconnection with numerous other appliances, wherein a powerful, rapidreciprocating device is required.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification,Figure 1 represents an electric riveting hammer, the case and some ofthe solenoids being shown in Fig. 2 represents a cross-section takenalong the line wrc of Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the makeand break device; and Fig. 4 is a modification of the core.

Similar letters of reference refer to like parts throughout thespecification and drawings.

The short solenoids A, of which a number are used to make up thecompound solenoid of the electromagnetic hammer shown in F ig, 1, may-beconstructed in any suitable manner, but as here shown, the coil (4 iswound on a brass tubular bushing 12. The field magnet or externalmagnetic circuit is laminated, being composed of bars 0 made up ofplates of soft iron suitably arranged to concentrate the magnetic linesof force through the axis of the individual coils.

To provide a circular outline for the solenoids in order that they maybe more readily =mounted in the round tubular casing e, I

have bunched the soft iron plates into radial bars C, as indicated inFig. 2. It will be seen that this arrangement of the laminated barsabout the solenoid coil permits the free access of air to cool thecoils, and the 013311- ings f thus formed serve as channels throughwhich to run'the connecting wires 9 and h which are herediagrammatically shown outside the case. The short solenoids A arecapped at each end by plates 7: of brass or other nonmagnetic material,and separated by air spaces, thus tending to isolate the fields of forceof the individual solenoids. The plates is are secured to the casing cin any suitable manner, thereby holding the solenoids in place. Theseries of solenoids are spaced apart as shown in Fig. 1, the distancebetween them being practically equivalent to the length of the magneticcircuit of the individual solenoids.

The cores a? are practically the same length as the laminated fieldmagnet bars a, and the several cores (Z are rigidly united byintermediate pieces Z of brass, aluminium, bronze or other nonmagneticmetal, thereby isolating the cores so that each solenoid will act uponits own core piece, but since all the cores are united to form theplunger rod D, the combined effect will be transmitted to the hammer,drill or other tool used. A chuck m is mounted upon the forward end ofthe plunger D, in which is secured the hammer head a.

Between the casing head 6 and the chuck m is shown a buffer 0 of rubberor other material to limit the motion of and cushion the return blow ofthe plunger when it is retracted by the spring 79 at its opposite end.One end of the spring 79 thrusts against a collar 1* which is secured tothe plunger D, while the other end rests against the )late k of the endsolenoid. The series of solenoids are here shown connected in parallel,but they may be connected up in any manner, so long as the circuit isclosed through all at the same time, but to cause a rapid vibration ofthe plunger D, the circuit must be broke-n at or near the end of theforward stroke, when the plunger is retracted by the spring g0. Toaccomplish this make and break, any suitable arrangement may beemployed, but the one here shown consists of a spool s of fiber or otherinsulating material, upon which is secured the metal ring t. The spoolis mounted to slide upon a rod u secured in the end of the plunger D.The spool s has a ring hump s at its middle, which acting in conjunctionwith the contact springs o, holds the spool in position with the contactsprings closing the circuit through the metal ring t, or with thecircuit broken by the insulatlng spool s. The normal position of thespool s and contact springs o is shown in Fig. 1, this being theposition of the parts when the circuit is broken at the key to and theplunger is at rest.

As a means for keeping the solenoids cool while in action, the end ofthe rod u on the plunger D is provided with a shouldered head a to whichis secured a piston :22 hav ing inwardly opening valves y whereby air isdrawn in through the hole a in the handle cap 2, and forced through thetubular case 0 about the solenoids and out the holes 0 in the forwardend cap 6. Valves 6 close the holes 0 on the return stroke of theplunger and piston. Holes in the solenoid plates is opposite the spaces7 between the laminated field magnets c facilitate the passage of theair through the tube.

The wires g, g, k and 72. may readily be concealed in the tubular casingc, between the laminated bars 0, the lead-in wires passing to theinterior of the casing to the conduit E in the lower part of the handle2, while the connections to the switch or pass into the tubular casingthrough a conduit F in the upper part of the handle, but, as statedabove, the connections are here shown outside the casing that they maybe more readily traced. A condenser G or other device may be insertedacross the contact springs 41 .to kill the spark when the circuit isbroken by the spool s as the plunger reciprocates.

The electric hammer or reciprocating motor is started by closing thecircuit at the key w when the current will pass, as indicated by thearrows in Fig. 1, through the contact springs 'v and through the metalring 2. and about the solenoids, thereby drawing the cores d to thecentral position in their respective solenoids, the pull of the compoundplunger being against the retracting sprin p. Until near the end of thestroke of t e plunger, the spool 8 slides on the rod u when theshouldered head a strikes the spool and carries it forward, the' thespool a, and carries it back until the hump 8' again passes under thecontact springs o, allowing the latter to again close the circuitthrough the ring t, and thus the reciprocating motion of the plungerwill continue as long as the key to remains closed. During the rapidvibration of the plunger, the piston a2 is forcing a current of freshair through the tubular casing, thereby tending to keep the solenoidsand moving parts 'cool, besides acting as a dust-blower.

As an alternative construct-ion of the core plunger, I may provide acontinuous integral core of magnetic material, in which the sections areseparated by reduced portions of the metal, as illustrated in Fig. 4.This construction consists of the rod D having the core portions properof the usual diameter, and the intermediate portions Z reduced indiameter. In this method of construction, the reduced portions Z beingmore turn stroke, the end of the plunger picks up remote from the fieldof force, are less magnetically permeable than the portlons which havea. larger diameter.

I claim:

1. An electromagnetic reciprocating mocause a simultaneous movement ofsaid cores in one direction and spring mechanism for reversing saidmovement.

2. An electromagnetic.reciprocating motor, consisting of a plurality ofmagnetically isolated axially alined solenoids, aplurality ofmagnetically isolated, axially alined cores Within said solenoids,automatic means for simultaneously energizing said solenoids to cause asimultaneous movement of said cores in one direction and springmechanism for reversing said movement. 1

3. An electromagnetic reciprocating de vice comprising a plurality ofaxially alined isolated solenoids, an equal number of isolated axiallyalined rigidl connected cores therefor and means for slmultaneouslyenergizing said solenoids.

4. An electroma etic reciprocating mo tor comprising a p urality ofaxially alined isolated solenoids, an equal number of axially alinedrigidly connected isolated cores therefor and means for simultaneouslymagnetizing or demagnetizing said solenoids.

5. An electromagnetic reciprocating m0- tor, comprising a plurality ofisolated solenoids provided with end plates of nonmagnetic material,said solenoids being separated by air spaces, a plurality of plungercores one for each of said solenoids, means for connecting said cores toreciprocate in unison, said connections being composed of nonmagneticmaterial and means for closing an electric circuit for simultaneouslyenergizing said solenoids.

6. An electromagnetic reciprocating motor, comprising a plurality ofaxially alined magnetically isolated solenoids, a plurality of plungercores one for each of said solenoids, said cores being rigidly connectedto reciprocate in unison, resilient means for holding said cores out ofthe central position with respect to said solenoids and means forclosing the electric circuit and rapidly energizing the solenoidssimultaneously, thereby drawing the respective cores to said centralposition and automatic means for breaking the circuit when said coresreach said central position.

7. An electromagnetic reciprocating motor comprising a plurality ofaxially alined magnetically isolated solenoids, a plurality ofmagnetically isolated reciprocating cores one for each of saidsolenoids, said cores be'-' ing integrally connected to reciprocate inunison connections for simultaneously energizing said solenoids, andautomatic means controlled by the reciprocating cores for alternatelymaking and breaking an electric circuit through said connections,whereby said cores are caused to reciprocate rapidly.

8. An electro-magnetic reciprocatory motor, comprising a series ofaxially alined magnetically isolated 'solenoids and an equal number ofaxially alined rigidly connected cores therefor, and means formagnetizing or demagnetizing a plurality of said solenoidssimultaneously.

9. In an electromagnetic reciprocatin m0- tor, the combination of aplurality 0 isolated solenoids secured in a tubular casing, a pluralityof isolated cores united by nonmagnetic bars to form a compound plungerone for each of said solenoids, electric and resilient means for rapidlyreciprocating said plunger, a piston head fitting said tubular casingand secured to the end of said plunger and valves in said piston,whereby air will be forced through said tubular casing when said plungerreciprocates.

10. In an electromagnetic reciprocating motor, the combination of aplurality of isolated solenoids secured in a tubular casing, a compoundplunger comprising a plurality of isolated cores one for each of saidsole noids, one end of said plunger passing through and extending beyondthe forward end of said tubular casing and a tool chuck secured to saidextending end of said plunger.

11. In an electromagnetic reciprocating motor, the combination of aplurality of isolated solenoids secured in a tubular casing, a compoundplunger comprising a plurality of isolated cores one for each of saidsolenoids, one end of said plunger passing through and extending beyondthe forward end of said tubular casing, a 'tool chuck secured to saidextending end of said plunger and a buffer between. said chuck and theforward end of said tubular casing for regulating and cushioning thereturn stroke of said plunger.

12. In an electromagnetic reciprocating motor, the combination of aplurality of isolated solenoids secured in a tubular casing, a compoundplunger comprising a plurality of isolated cores one for each of saidsolenoids, one end of said plunger assing through and extending beyondthe orward end of said tubular casing, a tool chuck secured to saidextending end of said plunger and a handle secured to the opposite endof said tubular casing, whereby the tool is held in operative position.

1?. In an electromagnetic reciprocating motor, the combination of aplurality of iso- 'lated solenoids secured in a tubular casing, tubulareasingand a key on said handle for a compound plunger comprising aplurality closing the circult through sald solenolds. 10

of isolated cores one for each of said sole- This specification signedand witnessed noids, one end of said plunger passing this 11th day ofMay, 1909. 5 through and extending beyond the forward ALEXIS LE BLANC.

end of said tubular casing, a tool chuck se- \Vitnesses: cured to saidextending end of said plunger, LOUIS M. SANDERS, a handle secured to theopposite end of said C. A. ALLISTON.

" Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, byaddressing the Commissioner of Patents, 1 Washington, D. G.

